UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 31st July 2025
India–UAE Joint Defence Cooperation
Why in News?
- India and the UAE held the 13th Joint Defence Cooperation Committee (JDCC) meeting in New Delhi on July 30, 2025.
Introduction
- The 13th meeting of the India-UAE Joint Defence Cooperation Committee (JDCC) was held in New Delhi on July 30, 2025, at the Secretary level for the first time, marking a significant milestone in bilateral defence engagement.
- The meeting underscores the deepening defence ties between the two countries under the broader framework of the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership established in 2015.
Key Participants
- The Piplodi school building was not classified as “in poor condition”, suggesting that the monitoring and audit mechanisms are insufficient to detect latent structural vulnerabilities.
- Rajasthan has over 70,000 government schools catering to nearly 84 lakh students, primarily from poor and marginalised backgrounds.
- According to the UDISE 2023-24 data, around 8,000 schools were identified as being in poor condition. However, the Jhalawar school’s collapse shows that the real number may be higher or misdiagnosed.
- Though ₹650 crore was allocated over two budgets to improve school infrastructure, government inefficiencies and lack of execution meant that results on the ground were negligible.
Systemic Issues in Government Schooling
- India: Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh
- UAE: Under Secretary of Defence Lieutenant-General Ibrahim Nasser M. Al Alawi, leading a high-level defence delegation
Major Outcomes of the Meeting
- Elevation of Defence Cooperation
- Both sides reaffirmed their commitment to strengthen defence ties.
- Agreed to elevate defence cooperation to match the growing momentum in trade, investment, and social relations.
- Enhanced Military Training Cooperation
- India and UAE discussed respective training requirements.
- India offered customised training programmes based on UAE’s needs.
- Deliberations held to deepen military-to-military training exchanges.
- Maritime Security Collaboration
- Agreement to enhance real-time information sharing for maritime domain awareness.
- Aimed at ensuring maritime security and safety, especially in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR) and the Persian Gulf.
- Joint Manufacturing and Defence Industrial Collaboration
- Emphasis on joint defence manufacturing initiatives.
- Model highlighted: ICOMM (India)–CARACAL (UAE) collaboration for small arms production.
- Discussion on co-development of next-generation defence technologies, including in areas such as artificial intelligence (AI).
- Shipbuilding and Platform Maintenance
- Exploration of opportunities in shipbuilding, platform upgrades, refits, and maintenance of commonly used defence systems.
- Institutional Cooperation
- A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed between the:
- Indian Coast Guard (ICG) and
- UAE National Guard Command (UAE NGC)
- The MoU focuses on maritime safety and security cooperation.
Strategic Importance of India-UAE Defence Ties
- Geostrategic Location: UAE’s position in the Gulf region and India’s presence in the Indian Ocean make both countries critical partners for regional maritime security.
- Energy and Trade Security: Defence cooperation complements economic ties and protects strategic interests, including energy transport routes and expanding trade corridors.
- Counterterrorism and Cybersecurity: Cooperation extends to emerging security threats like cyberwarfare, drones, and terrorism, especially in the West Asian context.
Way Forward
- India’s participation in the Dubai Air Show in November 2025 will further consolidate defence diplomacy.
- Continued emphasis on technology co-development, training interoperability, and logistics sharing.
- Potential integration of private sector defence firms from both nations in collaborative projects.
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Introduction
Economic Implications
For Indian Exporters
- These reforms reduce transaction costs and compliance hurdles
- Encourage a more competitive and efficient export environment
- Promote value addition in key sectors like leather
For Tamil Nadu
- The reforms particularly benefit the state’s leather industry, a major contributor to employment and exports
- Boost the marketability of GI-tagged E.I. leather, enhancing rural and traditional industries
For Trade Policy
- These decisions indicate a shift from regulatory controls to policy facilitation
Reinforce the goals of Make in India, Atmanirbhar Bharat, and India’s ambition to become a leading export power
Recently, BVR Subrahmanyam, CEO of NITI Aayog, claimed that India has overtaken Japan to become the fourth-largest economy in the world, citing data from the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
India’s rank as the world’s largest economy varies by measure—nominal GDP or purchasing power parity (PPP)—each with key implications for economic analysis.
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