UPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS – 15 March 2025

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World's First Supersolid Created from Light

Scientists have achieved a groundbreaking discovery by creating the world’s first supersolid using light.
A supersolid is a unique state of matter that exhibits both solid-like and superfluid-like properties simultaneously.
This discovery opens new avenues for research in quantum physics and material science.

The creation of a supersolid from light is a significant milestone in physics, as it demonstrates the possibility of achieving exotic states of matter under controlled conditions.
The topic is relevant for UPSC aspirants as it touches upon quantum mechanics, material science, and scientific innovations, making it important for GS Paper 3 (Science and Technology).

Definition:
- A supersolid is a state of matter that combines the crystalline structure of a solid with the frictionless flow of a superfluid.
- It exhibits rigidity (like a solid) and zero viscosity (like a superfluid) at the same time.
Properties:
- Superfluidity: The ability to flow without friction or viscosity.
- Crystalline Order: A rigid, repeating structure typical of solids.

Methodology:
- Scientists used ultracold atoms and laser light to create a supersolid state.
- The atoms were cooled to near absolute zero and trapped in an optical lattice created by intersecting laser beams.
Key Observations:
- The atoms arranged themselves in a crystalline structure while simultaneously exhibiting superfluid behavior.
- This dual behavior confirmed the creation of a supersolid.

Advancement in Quantum Physics:
- The discovery provides new insights into quantum states of matter and their properties.
- It validates theoretical predictions about supersolids, which were first proposed in the 1960s.
Potential Applications:
- Quantum Computing: Supersolids could be used to develop more efficient quantum computers.
- Material Science: The discovery could lead to the development of new materials with unique properties.
- Energy Efficiency: Superfluids have potential applications in energy transmission and storage.
Scientific Collaboration:
- The experiment involved collaboration between theoretical physicists and experimental scientists, highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary research.

The creation of the world’s first supersolid from light is a landmark achievement in physics, demonstrating the potential of quantum research to unlock new states of matter.
This discovery not only advances our understanding of quantum mechanics but also opens up possibilities for technological innovations in fields like quantum computing and material science.